When was the mars orbiter mission launched?
India made history on September 24, 2014 when its 450crore Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) or Mangalyaan was successfully placed in the Red Planet’s (Mars’) orbit on the very first attempt. The tryst with the Red Planet came 10 months after the ISRO launched its first orbiter to Mars on November 5, 2013.
But the final Critical moment was on September 24, when the main Liquid Apogee Motor and the eight small thrusters ignited simultaneously and enabled the manoeuvre. All the engines fired flawlessly for 24 minutes and reduced the spacecraft’s velocity by 1.09 km per second; this contained the spacecraft in an orbit around Mars. PM Narendra Modi was present at the command centre of Indian-Space Research Organization (ISRO) in Bangalore to witness the space history in the making by India. With this grand success, India joined the US, European Space Agency and the former Soviet Union in the elite club of Martian explorers. Later, the color camera on board the spacecraft beamed back about 10 pictures of ‘good quality’ of the Red Planet’s surface which show some craters.
The mission is a “technology demonstrator” project to develop the technologies for design, planning, management, and operations of an interplanetary mission. It carries five instruments that will help advance knowledge about Mars to achieve its secondary scientific objective.
The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted-off from the First Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota Range SHAR), Andhra Pradesh, using a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C25 on 5 November 2013. The launch window was approximately 20 days long and started on 28 October 2013. The MOM probe spent about a month in geocentric, low-Earth orbit, where it made a series of seven altitude-raising orbital man-oeuvres before trans-Mars injection on 30 November 2013 (UTC). After a 298-day transit to Mars, it was successfully inserted into Mars orbit on 24 September 2014.
It is India’s first interplanetary mission and ISRO has become the fourth space agency to reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European Space Agency. It is also the first nation to reach Mars orbit on its first attempt, and the first Asian nation to do so.
The spacecraft is currently being monitored from the Spacecraft Control Centre at ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC) in Bangalore with support from Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) antennae at Byalalu.
Objectives
what are the achievements of mars orbiter mission launched by india
The primary objective of the Mars Orbiter Mission is to showcase India’s rocket launch systems, spacecraft-building and operations capabilities. Specifically, the primary objective is to develop the technologies required for design, planning, management and operations of an interplanetary mission, comprising the following major tasks:
• design and realization of a Mars orbiter with a capability to perform Earthbound manoeuvres, cruise phase of 300 days, Mars orbit insertion / capture, and on-orbit phase around Mars;
• Deep-space communication, navigation, mission planning and management;
• incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency situations.
The secondary objective is to explore Mars’ surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian atmosphere using indigenous scientific instruments.
when was the mars orbiter mission launched
History – Mars Orbiter Mission Paragraph
The MOM mission concept began with a feasibility study in 2010, after the launch of lunar satellite Chandrayaan-1 in 2008. The government of India approved the project on 3 August 2012, after the Indian Space Research Organization completed 125crore (US$20 million) of required studies for the orbiter. The total project cost may be up to 454crore(US$74 million). The satellite costs ‘ 153crore (US$25 million) and the rest of the budget has been attributed to ground stations and relay upgrades that will be used for other ISRO projects.
The space agency had planned the launch on 28 October 2013 but was postponed to 5 November 2013 following the delay in ISRO’s spacecraft tracking ships to take up pre-determined positions due to poor weather in the Pacific Ocean. Launch opportunities for a fuel-saving Hohmann transfer orbit occur every 26 months, in this case, 2016 and 2018. The Mars Orbiter’s on-orbit mission life is six-to-ten months.
what is the purpose of india’s mars orbiter mission
Assembly of the PSLV-XL launch vehicle, designated C25, started on 5 August 2012. The mounting of the five scientific instruments was completed at ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore, and the finished spacecraft was shipped to Sriharikota on 2 October 2013 for integration to the PSLV-XL launch vehicle. The satellite’s development was fast-tracked and completed in a record 15 months. Despite the US federal government shutdown, NASA reaffirmed on 5 October 2013 it would provide communications and navigation support to the mission. During a meeting in 30 September 2014, NASA and ISRO officials signed an agreement to establish a pathway for future joint missions to explore Mars. One of the working group’s objectives will be to explore potential coordinated observations and science analysis between MAVEN orbiter and MOM, as well as other current and future Mars missions.
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